新型发射药包装物设计与性能研究

Design and Performance of New Packaging for Propellant Powder

中文关键词: 发射药  包装物  结构设计  防静电性能  力学性能  密封性能  环境适应性  防拆封功能

英文关键词: propellant powder  packaging  structure design  antistatic property  mechanical property  leakproofness  environmental adaptation  unpacking function

中文摘要:

      目的 为解决当前发射药包装物存在的结构复杂、自重大、难以适应包装工艺自动化的突出问题，提高对发射药包装、贮存、运输、使用过程的适应性，设计一种结构合理、防护可靠的新型发射药包装物。方法 根据发射药包装物技术要求，进行包装物材料选用和结构设计，通过性能研究，全面考核新型发射药包装物的相容性、防静电性能、老化性能、力学性能、密封性能、环境适应性、防拆封功能等。结果 实验结果表明，设计和研制的新型发射药包装物与内装典型发射药相容性良好；表面电阻率为1.37×106～7.23×108 Ω；在25 ℃贮存条件下，平均热老化寿命为17.51年；新型发射药包装物配质量为45 kg，堆码3层，未出现倒垛、变形及破损现象；包装物经高温、低温、温度冲击后无变形、失效、永久硬化，且表面无裂解；密封性良好，可有效防止非正常拆封。结论 该新型发射药包装物可实现对现有包装物的替代，可在火炸药行业推广应用。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to design a new propellant powder packaging with rational construction and reliable protection, to solve the prominent problem of current propellant powder packaging with complicated structure, big weight, maladjustment of automatic packing process, improve the adaptability of propellant powder packaging in pack, stockpile, transportation and use. According to the technical requirements on propellant powder packaging, the material selection and structure design of packaging were finished. Through performance study of packaging, the compatibility, antistatic property, aging characteristic, mechanical property, leakproofness, environmental adaptation and unpacking function of new packaging for propellant powder were examined roundly. The experimental results showed that, the designed and developed new packaging with typical propellant powder had good compatibility. Its sheet resistivity was 1.37×106-7.23×108 Ω; the average of heat-ageing life was 17.51 years in storage environment of 25 ℃; new packaging of propellant powder of 45 kg had no stack transfer, transformation and breakage after three layers stacking; new packaging of propellant powder had no appear transformation, failure, permanent hardening and surface cracking after high temperature, low temperature and temperature shock test; the new packaging had good leakproofness and can prevent abnormal unpacking effectively. The new packaging of propellant powder can replace current packaging and spread in the explosives field.