弹药金属包装材料的腐蚀与防护综述

Review of Corrosion and Anti-corrosion of Ammunition Metal Packaging Materials

中文关键词: 腐蚀  金属材料  弹药  包装技术

英文关键词: corrosion  metallic materials  ammunition  packaging technology

中文摘要:

      目的 弹药金属包装材料的腐蚀具有非常严重的破坏作用，不仅缩短了武器弹药的使用寿命，而且在实弹射击中极易造成炸膛等恶性事故，因此对弹药金属包装材料的腐蚀机理及其防护技术进行研究至关重要。方法 以弹药金属包装材料腐蚀机理分析为出发点，结合现有金属防腐技术，为弹药金属包装材料防腐方法提供合理性建议。结果 当储存的环境相对湿度达到60%以后，几种常用弹药金属包装材料的腐蚀速率明显加快，且铁的腐蚀速率大于铜的腐蚀速率，铜的腐蚀速率大于铝的腐蚀速率。结论 弹药金属包装材料腐蚀的原因主要为电化学腐蚀，而高湿热、海洋环境、粗糙的表面状态和高的内部应力都会促进腐蚀的加重，材料技术、表面涂层技术、密封防腐技术和纳米技术等可以有效解决弹药金属包装材料的腐蚀问题。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to study the corrosion mechanism and protection technology of ammunition metal packaging materials, as the corrosion of ammunition metal packaging material causes very serious damage, which not only shortens the service life of weapons and equipment, but also causes accidents such as blast. Taking the corrosion mechanism analysis of ammunition metal packaging material as the starting point, reasonable suggestions were provided for the anti-corrosion method of ammunition metal packaging materials in combination with the existing metal anti-corrosion technology. When the ambient humidity for storage was up to 60%, the corrosion rate of several common ammunition metal packaging materials was obviously accelerated, the corrosion rate of iron was greater than that of copper, and the corrosion rate of copper was greater than that of aluminum. The main reason for the corrosion of ammunition metal packaging material is electrochemical corrosion, while the high humidity and heat, marine environment, rough surface state and high internal stress all worsen the corrosion. Material technology, surface coating technology, sealing and anti-corrosion technology and nanotechnology can effectively solve the corrosion problem of ammunition metal packaging materials.