中国和欧盟酸性食品模拟物对食品接触材料迁移量的差异性分析

Differences in Acidic Food Simulants between China and EU and Associated Influences on Migration from Food Contact Materials

中文关键词: 酸性食品  酸性食品模拟物  食品接触材料  迁移

英文关键词: acid food  acid food simulants  food contact materials  migration

中文摘要:

      目的 对中国和欧盟分别规定的不同酸性食品模拟物进行差异分析，并对2种不同酸性食品模拟物的迁移试验结果差异进行考察。方法 选取4类典型的酸性食品(共123种)进行pH测试，分别以3%(质量分数)的乙酸和4%(体积分数)的乙酸为食品模拟物对食品接触材料及制品进行迁移试验，并测试样品的总迁移量、甲醛迁移量、三聚氰胺迁移量、双酚A迁移量和重金属(锑)迁移量，比较样品在2种不同酸性食品模拟物中的迁移量差异。结果 pH测试结果表明，中国生产的4类酸性食品的pH范围为2.3~5.1，国外生产的4类酸性食品的pH范围为2.49~4.88，pH<5对4类酸性食品的pH覆盖率均大于或等于pH<4.5。迁移结果表明，在大多数情况下，食品接触材料在4%(体积分数)的乙酸中的迁移量，无论是总迁移量还是特定迁移量都大于或等于在3%(质量分数)的乙酸中的迁移量，食品接触材料在3%(质量分数)的乙酸中的迁移量高于在体积分数4%的乙酸的情况极少。结论 根据研究结果，中国采用pH<5定义酸性食品符合中国人的餐饮习惯，酸性食品覆盖性更广，更具合理性。迁移量测试结果表明，4%(体积分数)的乙酸是比3%(质量分数)的乙酸更为严苛的食品模拟物，因此对于国外出口中国的食品接触材料，即使已经按照欧盟标准采用3%(质量分数)的乙酸进行了迁移量测试，在进口到国内时还应用4%(体积分数)的乙酸按照中国相关标准再次进行迁移量测试，以满足中国标准的相关要求。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to compare the differences in acidic food simulants between China and European Union (EU), and investigate the associated influence on migration from food contact materials into food simulants. Four typical types of acidic food (123 species in total) collected from the domestic and foreign markets were tested on pH values. Migration tests were conducted on food contact materials and articles with 3% acetic acid and 4% acetic acid as food simulants. The total migration amount, as well as the specific migration amount of formaldehyde, melamine, bisphenol A and heavy metal (Sb) were measured, and the differences in migration amount between the two acidic food simulants were analyzed. The pH test results showed that the pH range of the four kinds of acidic food produced in China was 2.3-5.1, and the pH range of the four kinds of acidic food produced abroad was 2.49-4.88. pH<5 had a coverage greater than or equal to pH<4.5 for all 4 types of acidic food. The migration test results showed that the migration amount, either total migration amount or specific migration amount in 4% acetic acid was equal to or higher than those in 3% acetic acid in most cases, while the case of higher migration amount in 3% acetic acid was rare. Based on the results, the definition of acidic food according to pH<5 is in line with Chinese people's dining habits, and the coverage of acidic food is wider and more reasonable. The result of the migration test shows that 4% acetic acid is a more severe food simulant than 3% acetic acid. Therefore, for food contact materials imported from abroad to China, even if they have already been tested for migration with 3% acetic acid according to the European Union (EU) standard, they should be tested again with 4% acetic acid according to the Chinese standard, so as to satisfy the requirements of the Chinese standard.