从近现代中文文字变革与活字排印发展看现代中文版面肌理的形成

Formation of New Text Image in Chinese Typography from Evolutions of Modern Chinese Characters and Typesetting and Printing Development

中文关键词: 文字设计  排版设计  版面肌理  版式设计  东亚文字  标点符号

英文关键词: typography  typesetting  text image  layout design  CJK typography  punctuation marks

中文摘要:

      目的 梳理现代中文版面肌理的成因，从不同角度对近现代中文版面肌理进行质性分析，为当代的更广义的基于规则的文字设计提供基础和依据。方法 在现代铅活字中文排印法诞生于中国并发展成熟于东亚三国的一百多年时间里，中文版面肌理受到语言体式变革、正文字体与字形变化、中西文混排、新式标点符号的采用以及标点行内化、直排书写转为横排书写等方面因素的影响，从而逐渐演变为当今的样态。在这种演变过程中，现代中文版面与古典版面有了极大差别，版面肌理以及基本组版逻辑都发生了本质性的改变。结论 对上述因素的分析论述，总结出现代中文版面肌理具体体现为一种等高、等宽、等距的汉字为主体的文本，其中包含了变高、变宽、变距的非汉字字符；在两端对齐的总体格局下，为了保证标点避首尾禁则，根据标点符号占宽进行有规律的调整而达到一种动态平衡。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to analyze modern Chinese typesetting by studying the text image in modern Chinese typography from different perspectives so as to provide foundation and basis for a broad and rule-based typographic design. Over one hundred years when modern CJK letterpress printing started from China and developed in three countries in the East Asia, the text image of Chinese typography transformed into a modern pattern as a result of being heavily influenced by factors such as the revolutions of the written word, alteration of the basic printing types, demand in bilingual typography, contemporary punctuation marks which were integrated within the text lines, and horizontal typesetting. During this evolution, the composition of modern Chinese typography was immensely different from any of those preceding the innovation of modern CJK letterpress. The text image and the fundamental logic in typesetting went through a paradigm shift. By studying the above factors, it can be concluded that the modern Chinese text image is one that contains mono-width, mono-height, and mono-spaced CJK characters and proportional, non-lining alphanumerics with variable spacing. A dynamic balance is stricken between the rule-based adjustment of punctuation marks, the justification on both sides of the text image so as to ensure the forbidden rules of punctuation.