基于全龄社区视角的环境设施可为性设计研究

Affordance Design of Environmental Facilities under the Concept of Full Aged Community

中文关键词: 全龄社区  环境设施  可供性  情境

英文关键词: full-age community  environmental facilities  affordance  situation

中文摘要:

      目的 在中国人口老龄化严重的社会背景下，为了更好地实现社区居家养老，响应国家政策和缓解社会养老压力，近年来出现了一种探索居家养老的新型社区模式——全龄化社区。方法 通过对这种社区居住模式和环境需求的特征进行分析与研究指出，全龄化社区中的环境设施作为使用社区环境的载体，在设计上除了传统的使用功能和审美功能以外，还应思考如何促进社区中不同年龄段居民之间，特别是老年群体间的情感交融与互动功能，并具体研究运用认知心理学中的环境可供性理论，从环境设施可供给的交流可为性、活动可为性、陪伴可为性和成就可为性等几个方面，通过举例论证，阐述了环境设施的可为设计方法对促进和引导居民环境行为的积极作用。结论 具有启发性和诱导性是全龄社区环境设施可为性的特征。激发居民情绪、满足心理情境需求、提高老人生活热情、促进生命活力，实现“老有所为”，是全龄社区环境设施可为性设计的新思路。

英文摘要:

      Under the background of the serious aging of the population in China, in order to better realize the community home pension, alleviate the pressure of social pension and also respond to the national policy, full-age community is a new model of aged community. With the analysis and research on the characteristics of this kind of community living mode and environmental demand, it is pointed out that environmental facilities as the carrier of using community environment, mode should not only be based on the simple use and aesthetic function, but also think about how to promote the emotional interaction and blending among the residents of different age groups in the community, especially on the stimulation of the emotion and emotion of the elderly group. Based on the research and application of the theory of environmental availability in cognitive psychology, with the demonstration by examples from the aspects of communication, activity, accompanying, and achievement that environmental facilities can provide, this paper expounds the positive effect of design method of environmental facilities on promoting and guiding residents’ environmental behavior. Come to the conclusion:Inspiration and inducement are the characteristics of the full age community environmental facilities. Exploration and construction can stimulate residents’ emotions, meet the needs of psychological situations, improve the enthusiasm of the elderly for life, and promote their vitality, and inspire and encourage the elderly to “older people make a difference” in the design of environmental facilities.