亮度对比及颜色组合对车载界面认知的影响

Effects of Luminance Contrast and Color Combinations on IVIS Interface Cognition

中文关键词: 车载信息系统界面  事件相关电位  亮度对比  颜色组合  认知绩效

英文关键词: IVIS interface  ERP  Luminance contrast  color combinations  cognitive performance

中文摘要:

      目的 对车载信息系统界面中亮度对比及颜色组合的认知机理进行分析。方法 采用知觉负载范式，实验A采用6∶1、9∶1、12∶1和18∶1共4种亮度对比水平下的16种颜色组合作为实验材料，对高、中、低载荷下的错误率进行分析。实验B在实验A基础上进行脑电研究。结果 实验A:在高、中载荷下，18∶1的亮度对比显著降低了目标搜索出错率，黄色/黑色、黄色/蓝色和白色/蓝色是搜索错误率最低的3种颜色组合;在低载荷下无显著影响。实验B:脑区地形图表明，在18∶1的亮度对比及颜色组合视觉刺激下，枕叶、前额叶及颞叶脑区激活程度更强;相对于低载荷，高、中载荷的脑区激活程度更弱。ERP的结果分析表明，在18∶1的亮度对比及颜色组合视觉刺激下，O2电极的P100波形的峰值及平均振幅显著高于其他3种亮度对比及颜色组合。结论 车载信息系统界面中的信息元素与界面背景应优先使用高亮度对比(18∶1)，色彩搭配方面应选取黑色或蓝色作为背景色、黄色或白色作为图标文字等信息元素的颜色。

英文摘要:

      The paper aims to analyze the cognitive mechanism of luminance contrast and color combination in the in-vehicle information system interface.Based on the perceptual load paradigm, in experiment A, with the experimental materials of 16 color combinations of four luminance contrast levels (6∶1, 9∶1, 12∶1, and 18∶1), the error rates under high, medium, and low loads were analyzed. In experiment B, an EEG research on the basis of experiment A was conducted. Experiment A:Under high and medium loads, the luminance contrast of 18:1 reduced the target search error rate significantly, while yellow on black, yellow on blue, and white on blue were the three color combinations with the lowest search error rate. However, there is no significant effect under low load. Experiment B:The topographic map of the brain area showed that under the 18∶1 luminance contrast and color combination visual stimulation, the brain areas of the occipital lobe, prefrontal lobe and temporal lobe were more activated. Compared with low load, the brain regions of high and medium load were less activated. ERP analysis found that under the 18∶1 luminance contrast and color combination visual stimulation, the peak value and average amplitude of the P100 curve of the O2 electrode were significantly higher than the other three luminance contrast and color combinations. High luminance contrast (18∶1) should be preferred for information elements and interface background in the interface of in-vehicle information system. In terms of color matching, black or blue should be selected as the background color, and yellow or white as the color of information elements such as icon and text.