面向突发事件的应急救援装备设计方法研究

Design Method of Emergency Rescue Equipment for Emergencies

中文关键词: 突发事件  应急救援装备  设计方法  人文关怀  心理诉求  行为特征  设计决策

英文关键词: emergency  emergency rescue equipment  design methods  humanistic care  psychological demands  behavioral characteristics  design decisions

中文摘要:

      目的 通过对应急救援装备各构成要素设计方法的整合，构建系统性的产品设计流程体系，提高应急救援装备的人性化水平。方法 突发事件可能造成大量的人员伤亡和经济损失，应急救援装备作为防灾减灾工作的终端环节，也是处置突发事件的必要手段，其设计的人性化水平将直接影响应急救援的效果。通过对国内外相关文献的分析研究，梳理了应急救援装备功能、形态、结构等的典型设计方法，着重强调了心理诉求与行为特征在设计过程中的重要作用。结论 针对应急救援装备各构成要素设计方法存在的局限性，提出了基于情景构建与态势推演策略的产品协同设计模式，为建立系统性的设计流程体系，以及对应急救援装备设计方法的深入研究提供了参考，同时对提高其设计的人性化水平也具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

      Through the integration of the design methods for the components of emergency rescue equipment, a systematic product design process system is constructed to improve the humanization level of emergency rescue equipment. Emergencies may cause a large number of casualties and economic losses. As the terminal link of disaster prevention and mitigation, emergency rescue equipment is also a necessary means to deal with emergencies. Thus, the humanization level of its design will directly affect the effect of emergency rescue. Through the analysis and research of relevant literature at home and abroad, the typical design methods for such aspects of emergency rescue equipment as function, shape, structure, etc. are collated, and the important position of psychological demands and behavioral characteristics in the design process is emphasized. In view of the limitations of the design method for each component of emergency rescue equipment, a collaborative design model based on scenario construction and situation deduction is proposed, which provides a reference for the establishment of a systematic design process system and in-depth research on emergency rescue equipment design methods, and is also of great significance for improving the humanized design level of emergency rescue equipment.