基于可视化呈现的数字化健康信息认知研究

Cognition of Digital Health Information Based on Visualization

中文关键词: 动态可视化  数字化健康信息  信息认知  眼动行为

英文关键词: dynamic visualization  digital health information  information cognition  eye movement behavior

中文摘要:

      目的 研究数字化健康信息的呈现状态和呈现方式对年轻用户健康信息认知理解的影响。方法 采用两因子组内设计的人因学实验，测试了18名年轻受试者在两种信息呈现状态(静态呈现，动态呈现)及三种信息呈现方式(条形图，仪表图，文本型)下的认知绩效、主观感知及眼动行为，并采用重复测量方差分析法分析实验数据。结果 信息呈现状态显著影响用户认知理解绩效，动态呈现方式能有效降低用户信息搜索时间。呈现方式显著影响感知易用性和满意度等主观评价指标，两种图形类方式主观感知评价显著高于文本型。信息呈现状态和呈现方式对眼动行为存在显著主效应及交互作用，条形图和文本型在动、静态呈现时的首次注视时间无显著差异，但动态仪表图的首次注视时间晚于静态仪表图。图形类呈现方式的总注视时长较之于文本型也较短，其信息认知效率较高。结论 呈现状态中，动态呈现能够提高用户提取重要信息的效率;而呈现方式中，图形类呈现方式有更好的用户主观认知评价。研究结果有助于揭示呈现状态和呈现方式对数字化健康信息认知的影响机制，为优化数字化健康信息的编码设计提供了指导。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to study the influence of information presentation format and presentation status on cognition and comprehension of digital health information among young adults. A two-factor within-subjects design was adopted in the experiment, where 18 young participants were tested regarding cognitive performance, subjective perceptions and eye movement behavior under two types of presentation status (static and dynamic presentations) and three types of presentation formats (bar graph, instrument graph, and text format). Then, the experimental data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The information presentation status significantly influenced users' cognitive performance, and dynamic presentation effectively reduced users' information search time. The presentation format significantly influenced subjective perceptions (such as perceived ease of use and satisfaction), and scores of subjective evaluation of the two graphic presentations were significantly higher than that of the text format. Presentation status and presentation format had significant main effects and interaction effects on eye movement behaviors. There was no significant difference in time to first fixation for bar graph and text format between dynamic and static presentations, while time to first fixation was larger for dynamic instrument graph than for static instrument graph. The two graphic presentations had shorter total fixation duration than that of the text format, indicating higher information cognition efficiency. The dynamic presentation can improve the efficiency in extracting important information, and graphic presentation formats are favored more by users. The findings are of great significance for the understanding of the mechanism of presentation format and presentation status in the cognition of digital health information, and provide implications on optimal design of digital health information.