基于视觉认知特性的作战显控界面信息结构布局研究

Information Structure Layout of Combat Display and Control Interfaces Based on Visual Cognition Characteristics

中文关键词: 视觉认知  信息结构  显控界面  信息布局

英文关键词: visual cognition  information structure  display control interface  information layout

中文摘要:

      目的 智能化作战趋势相应地会对在作战显控系统界面的信息量和信息呈现内容提出要求。针对未来态势环境下显控界面信息结构更为复杂，且融入更多信息的显控系统界面需要不断迭代的问题，从显控界面的信息结构分类展开实验研究，设计不同的信息结构布局类型，从而进行认知绩效的视觉搜索测评实验。方法 通过文献分析，从认知特性与界面信息架构布局、飞行员的认知行为等方面出发，对相关成果进行综述梳理。运用眼动追踪实验,设计针对不同任务的视觉搜索实验，从而对不同信息布局形式的认知绩效进行评估测量。结果 实验结果表明，在“作战”与“导航”任务场景中“纵向任务栏型”布局形式整体更优于“横向主图型”任务布局。在“作战”任务中，纵向三分类型布局形式的绩效水平更优;在“导航”任务中，纵向二分类型布局形式的绩效水平更优。结论 针对复杂显控作战界面的信息呈现，可以通过设定与作战任务相匹配的不同结构布局来优化信息模块的合理分配方式，对后续在作战显控界面的信息模块布局设计优化起到一定参考作用。

英文摘要:

      The trend of intelligent combat will correspondingly increase the amount of information and the content of information presentation in the interface of a combat display and control system. In view of the problem that the information structure of the display and control interface will be more complex in the future and the interface of the display and control system with more information needs to be iterated continuously, the work aims to carry out an experimental research from the classification of information structures of display and control interfaces, and design the interface layout of different information structure types for visual search experiments, so as to evaluate cognitive performance. Firstly, a literature analysis was carried out. Relevant results were reviewed from the aspects of cognitive characteristics, interface information structure layout and pilots' cognitive behavior. Eye movement experiments and visual search experiments were conducted to evaluate the cognitive performance of different interface layouts. The experimental results showed that in the "combat" and "navigation" task scenarios, the "longitudinal task bar" layout was better than the "crosswise main graph" task layout. In the "combat" task, the vertical division of three types of layout forms had better performance. In the "navigation" task, the longitudinal division of two types of layout forms had better performance. For information presentation of complex display and control interfaces, different structure layouts corresponding to the combat tasks might be set to optimize information modules. It plays a certain reference role in the subsequent optimization of information module layout design of combat display and control interfaces.