基于劝导式思维的地铁车厢空间设计策略

Strategy on Spatial Design of Subway Carriage Based on Persuasive Thinking

中文关键词: 劝导设计  可供性  FBM模型  地铁车厢  乘客行为

英文关键词: persuasive design  availability  FBM model  subway carriage  passenger behavior

中文摘要:

      目的 从劝导式思维出发，通过设计介入寻求合理的地铁车厢布局，借助行为导向来规避公共环境下的不良行为习惯。方法 首先，梳理劝导设计和可供性作用机制的构成内涵，归纳出劝导设计与可供性的结合特性;其次，利用劝导式设计思维，探讨地铁乘客行为及其发生机制，寻找地铁车厢空间设计的劝导机会点;最后，通过调研和实地观察，找出造成车厢人流分布不均的主要因素。结果 通过剖析车厢空间设计三要素，结合FBM模型和可供性作用机制，构建地铁车厢空间设计框架和劝导式设计模型，最终提出以乘客行为为中心的地铁车厢劝导式设计策略，即利用不同功能件的差异化舒适度调整区域吸引率;利用系统内部元素透明性进行路径劝导;利用视觉传达系统的符号暗示性实现行为触发。结论 在车厢空间设计中引入劝导式思维，可有效缓解车厢人流分布不均的情况，为地铁空间设计改良提供了新思路。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to seek reasonable subway carriage layout through design intervention and avoid bad behavior habits in public environment with the help of behavior orientation in the perspective of persuasive thinking. Firstly, the connotation of persuasive design and the mechanism of availability were sorted out, and the combined characteristics of persuasive design and availability were summarized. Secondly, the persuasive design thinking was used to discuss subway passenger behavior and its mechanism, and to seek persuasive opportunities in subway carriage space design. Finally, the main factors causing the uneven distribution of passenger flow were found out through investigation and field observation. The design framework of subway carriage space and persuasive design model of subway carriage space were constructed by analyzing the three elements of carriage space design and combining the FBM and the mechanism of supply. As a result, the persuasive design strategy of subway carriage centered on passenger behavior was proposed, namely using the differentiation of different function comfort to adjust attraction rate of area, using the internal elements transparency of the system to get path persuasion and using the symbol of the visual communication system to achieve implicit behavior triggers. The introduction of persuasive thinking in the design of subway carriage space can effectively alleviate the uneven distribution of passenger flow and provide a new idea for the improvement of subway space design.