基于被动动态坐姿的健康坐垫设计

Ergonomic Cushion Design Based on Passive Dynamic Sitting

中文关键词: 久坐  被动动态坐姿  主观不适  肌电实验  气囊坐垫

英文关键词: sedentary sitting  passive dynamic sitting  perceived discomfort  electromyography experiment  air cushion.

中文摘要:

      目的 为缓解办公人群久坐肌肉疲劳和主观不适，研究一种基于被动动态坐姿的健康坐垫并进行创新应用。方法 通过研究坐姿运动解剖学，以及被动动态坐姿相关理论，提出基于气囊坐垫的被动动态坐姿实现方式。再通过坐姿实验，利用表面肌电测试仪及主观不适量表对该产品进行测试，验证设计的可行性。实验结果表明实验组中位频率(Mean Frequency, MF)变化数值大于对照组，并且除左髂肋肌以外，在右髂肋肌，以及两侧多裂肌及两侧最长肌的效应量较大(Cohen's f＞0.40)，并且实验组主观不适(Perceived Discomfort, PD)变化数值小于对照组，其中在下背、臀部、坐骨、座椅边缘以及总体上呈现较大效应量(Cohen's f＞0.40)。在此基础上，提出一款智能被动动态健康座椅。结论 使用气囊坐垫和其被动动态工作方式可以有效缓解使用者久坐产生的肌肉疲劳和主观不适，对提高用户久坐健康及久坐舒适具有意义。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to design an ergonomic cushion and apply it creatively based on the passive dynamic sitting concept to alleviate the muscle fatigue and perceived discomfort of office workers induced by sedentary sitting. By studying the seated sports anatomy and the knowledge of passive dynamic sitting, an intelligent dynamic ergonomic air cushion with a specific movement pattern was designed. Through sitting experiments, the feasibility of the cushion and the movement pattern were tested through a surface electromyography experiment and a subjective discomfort questionnaire. The results demonstrated the mean frequency (MF) change values in the experimental group were larger than that in the control group, and the effect size was large in the right iliocostalis, bilateral multifidus, and bilateral longissimus (Cohen's f > 0.40), except for the left iliocostalis. The results also demonstrated the perceived discomfort (PD) changes in the experimental group were smaller than that in the control group, and the effect size was large in the lower back, buttocks, ischial tuberosity, seat edge, and overall (Cohen's f > 0.40). An intelligent passive dynamic health seat was proposed on this basis. The use of an air cushion and its passive dynamic intervention can effectively alleviate muscle fatigue and perceived discomfort caused by sedentary sitting, which is positive for improving sitters' health and comfort during sedentary sitting.