社区公园游乐设施儿童友好性评价体系研究

Child-friendliness Evaluation System of Amusement Facilities in Community Parks

中文关键词: 儿童友好型社区  社区公园  游乐设施  儿童友好性评价  松江新城

英文关键词: child-friendly community  community park  amusement facilities  child-friendliness evaluation  Songjiang New Town

中文摘要:

      目的 “儿童友好型”城市及社区的建设能促进对儿童权益的关注，社区公园则是与儿童活动最贴近的公共空间。以上海松江新城儿童友好社区示范点为例，从儿童友好视角审视社区公园的儿童游乐设施设计。方法 采用文献高频词分析、质性分析、专家评价等方法进行综合研判，筛选出5个准则层因子和24个指标层因子，建立社区公园游乐设施儿童友好性评价体系。结果 通过模糊综合评价法测算出各项因子权重，排序为安全性>可达性>舒适性>多功能性>趣味性。结论 研究发现设施安全性是儿童游乐的前提和保障;场地可达性对儿童游玩的频率和评价产生重要影响;场地舒适性可提升儿童户外活动时间、促进身心健康;设施功能从单一走向多功能性，满足不同阶段的儿童感官体验;趣味性能够激发儿童的探索精神。

英文摘要:

      The construction of "child-friendly" cities and communities promotes the concern of children's rights and interests. Community parks are the public spaces closest to children's activities. With the child-friendly community demonstration site of Songjiang New Town in Shanghai as an example, the work aims to review the design of children's amusement facilities in community parks from the child-friendly perspective. By the methods of high frequency word analysis, qualitative analysis and expert evaluation, the comprehensive judgment was carried out to screen out five criteria-level factors and 24 index-level factors and establish the evaluation system of child friendliness of amusement facilities in community parks. The weight of each factor was calculated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the order was safety>accessibility>comfort>versatility>interest. The safety of facilities is the premise and guarantee of children's play. Site accessibility has an important impact on the frequency and evaluation of children's play. Site comfort improves children's outdoor activity time and promotes physical and mental health. The function of facilities changes from single to multiple to meet the sensory experience of children at different stages. Interest can stimulate children's exploration spirit.