基于LCA方法的教育家具可持续设计策略研究

Sustainable Design Strategies of Educational Furniture Based on LCA Methodology

中文关键词: LCA  产品生命周期评价  可持续设计  教育家具  宿舍家具

英文关键词: LCA  life cycle assessment  sustainable design  educational furniture  dormitory furniture

中文摘要:

      目的 对家具领域的可持续设计方法进行梳理，并通过具体案例研究教育家具的可持续设计，提出设计策略，探讨该方法的可行性。方法 采用ReCiPe 2016方法对一宿舍家具套装设计案例进行产品生命周期评价(LCA)评估，得出产品的环境热点问题，提出对应的设计策略，并通过环境、质量、经济、可实现性四个维度的专家评审对得出的设计策略进行可行性分析。结果 评估结果表明钢材和实木多层板的制造及消耗是宿舍家具套装的环境热点。据此提出减少、优化钢材、木材用量;延长使用寿命;采取模块化或可替换部件的设计;建立回收与再制造系统;选用更环保板材;选用更环保的运输方式这六点设计策略，并对策略进行可行性评估。结论 使用产品生命周期评价(LCA)这一量化方法，能够帮助设计者利用全生命周期视角，发现产品的环境热点问题、提出改进策略、对比各改进方案的优劣。本文通过具体案例对教育家具可持续设计进行研究，具有一定的实际意义，同时也可为教育家具行业提供可持续设计参考。

英文摘要:

      The work aims to summarize the sustainable design methods in the furniture industry and study the sustainable design of educational furniture through specific case studies, and propose design strategies and discuss their feasibility. The method of ReCiPe 2016 was adopted to evaluate the design case of furniture set in a dormitory through product life cycle assessment (LCA), and the environmental hot issues of the product were obtained. The corresponding design strategies were put forward and the feasibility of the obtained design strategies was analyzed through expert evaluation in four dimensions of environment, quality, economy and realizability. The evaluation results show that the manufacture and consumption of steel and solid wood laminates were the environmental hotspots of dormitory furniture sets. Based on this, it was proposed to reduce and optimize the consumption of steel and wood, prolong the service life, adopt the design of modular or replaceable parts, establish a recycling and remanufacturing system, choose more environmentally friendly plates and select a more environmentally friendly transportation mode to design the strategy and evaluate the feasibility of the strategy. Using the quantitative method of product life cycle assessment (LCA) can help designers to find environmental hot issues of products, put forward improvement strategies and compare the advantages and disadvantages of various improvement schemes from the perspective of life cycle. The work studies the sustainable design of educational furniture through specific cases, which has certain practical significance and can also provide reference for the sustainable design of educational furniture industry.