语义与非语义听觉警报类型对驾驶信任与接管绩效的影响研究

Impact of Semantic and Non-semantic Auditory Alert Types on Driving Trust and Takeover Efficiency

中文关键词: 自动驾驶信任  驾驶接管  听觉编码  听觉警报

英文关键词: trust in autonomous driving  driving takeover  auditory encoding  auditory alert

中文摘要:

      目的 旨在探讨不同类型的听觉警报对驾驶信任与接管效率的潜在影响，以期为自动驾驶系统中听觉信息编码的设计提供参考。重点是分析不同听觉警报的呈现方式对驾驶员行为的影响。方法 以高速公路驾驶场景为例，采用模拟驾驶实验，从接管绩效和信任量表两方面探讨语义警报(包括语音警报、压缩语音警报、听觉图标和压缩听觉图标)与非语义警报(抽象耳标)对驾驶信任与接管效率的影响。考虑到高认知负荷会延长驾驶员的接管反应时间，因此同时使用认知负荷量表对接管绩效进行辅助衡量。结果 首先，与无听觉警报相比，语义警报与非语义警报类型都能显著增强驾驶员对自动驾驶系统的信任。其次，在语义警报类型中，与语音警报相比，听觉图标在接管性能上表现更优(P=0.000<0.001)。即便对语音警报和听觉图标进行压缩处理，压缩听觉图标的接管绩效仍优于压缩语音警报(P=0.000< 0.001)。最后，非语义警报比语义警报方式接管绩效更佳，抽象耳标在本实验中表现出比语义警报更快的接管反应时间。结论 在驾驶接管过程中引入听觉警报是一种有效提升驾驶信任并减少认知负荷的设计策略。因此，自动驾驶系统在信息传递时应优化警报类型和呈现方式，以提高驾驶员的接管反应速度，从而保证系统的高效性和提升用户驾驶体验。

英文摘要:

      earcons) on driving trust and takeover efficiency from two perspectives of takeover efficiency and trust scales. Considering that high cognitive load could extend the driver's takeover reaction time, a cognitive load scale was also used to assist in measuring takeover efficiency. Firstly, compared to the condition without auditory alert, both semantic and non-semantic alert types significantly enhanced driver's trust in the autonomous driving system. Secondly, among the semantic alert types, auditory icons performed better in takeover efficiency than voice warnings (P=0.000<0.001). Even with compression applied to both voice warnings and auditory icons, compressed auditory icons still outperformed compressed voice warnings in takeover efficiency (P=0.000<0.001). Finally, non-semantic alert demonstrated better takeover efficiency than semantic alert, with Abstract earcons showing faster takeover response than semantic alert in this experiment. Introducing auditory alert during driving takeovers is an effective strategy to enhance driving trust and reduce cognitive load. Therefore, autonomous driving systems should optimize the type and presentation method of alert to improve driver's takeover response time, ensuring system efficiency and enhancing the user's driving experience.